Evidence: general

49 articles. Distilled findings; bold = already cited in the docs.

Life cycle assessment of agrivoltaics (news) — Researchers from Italy and Sweden ran a cradle-to-end-of-use life cycle assessment of four bifacial agrivoltaic designs across four European sites, benchmarked against conventional ground-mounted PV.…
Regional sea-level rise from Antarctic ice melt (news) — A November 2025 study combining models of the Antarctic ice sheet, solid Earth, and global climate found that sea-level rise from Antarctic melt is uneven across the globe, driven largely by…
Human valuing of nature (news) — A study of 745 survey participants in Japan found that people's values toward nature fall into three distinct categories: intrinsic (nature has worth in itself), instrumental (nature is useful to…
Record-breaking 2026 El Niño event (news) — The 2026 El Niño has set a new daily record, with the Niño 3.4 anomaly reaching 3.11C on 21 September, surpassing the 2015 record of 3.08C. It is developing faster than any previous event and is…
El Niño strength forecast 2026-2027 (news) — NOAA's Climate Prediction Center reports that El Niño strengthened further in September 2026, with Niño-3.4 at +2.1°C and Niño-1+2 at +3.9°C. The official outlook calls for a strong-to-very strong El…
SPEAR El Niño seasonal forecast (news) (needs verification) — NOAA GFDL's October 2026 experimental SPEAR forecast indicates the current El Niño is nearing its peak and will weaken by early winter, with a transition to ENSO-neutral expected in spring or early…
El Niño-driven heat mortality (news) — A Climate Impact Lab report estimates that El Niño-driven heat between June 2026 and February 2027 could cause up to 451,000 extra heat-related deaths worldwide compared with a typical year. The…
Coral bleaching heat stress forecasting (news) (needs verification) — NOAA's Coral Reef Watch publishes an experimental weekly Four-Month Coral Bleaching Outlook, version 5.0, released publicly on March 27, 2018, that forecasts coral bleaching heat stress up to four…
2026 Atlantic hurricane season outlook (news) (needs verification) — NOAA's Climate Prediction Center updated its 2026 Atlantic hurricane outlook, calling for a below-normal season with a 75% probability, a 20% chance of near-normal activity, and a 5% chance of…
2026 Atlantic hurricane season (news) (needs verification) — Isaias became the first Atlantic hurricane of the 2026 season, with winds of 80mph, and is forecast to strengthen to Category 2 and make landfall on the northern Gulf coast. The season has been…
Hurricane Isaias Gulf Coast landfall (news) — Hurricane Isaias strengthened as it approached the US Gulf Coast, with forecasters expecting it to reach near Category 3 strength before landfall in Alabama and Florida's panhandle region late Friday…
Tropical Storm Gonzalo forecast (news) (needs verification) — The US National Hurricane Center reported that Tropical Storm Gonzalo, about 140 miles east-southeast of the southernmost Cabo Verde islands, is expected to strengthen before a gradual weakening…
2026 Atlantic hurricane season outlook (news) (needs verification) — NOAA maintained its prediction for a below-normal 2026 Atlantic hurricane season, forecasting 7-13 named storms, 2-6 hurricanes, and 0-2 major hurricanes, with a 75% chance of below-normal activity.…
Record ocean heat absorption (news) (needs verification) — A Copernicus ocean state report found that the world's seas absorbed a record 23 zettajoules of heat in 2025, nearly 40 times humanity's total annual energy use. The report links this ocean warming…
El Niño strengthening and record Pacific temperatures (news) — The World Meteorological Organization forecasts that sea-surface temperatures in the central and eastern tropical Pacific will reach record levels in October-December 2026 as El Niño strengthens. WMO…
Overshoot above 1.5°C warming (news) — A UNEP report warns that global temperature rise is likely to cross 1.5°C within the next few years, with the most optimistic scenario peaking at 1.8°C. It identifies an 'overshoot, peak and decline'…
European winter gas price risk (news) (needs verification) — Equinor CEO Anders Opedal warned that Europe could see another gas price spike if cold weather lifts demand late in winter, with storage at its lowest for this time of year since 2011 and LNG supply…
Fish meal aquaculture supply chain harms (news) — A five-year Outlaw Ocean Project investigation mapped the global fish meal and fish oil industry that feeds farmed salmon, shrimp and trout, tying it to pollution, overfishing, food insecurity,…
Irish data centre electricity share (news) (needs verification) — Ireland's Central Statistics Office reports that data centres consumed 23% of metered electricity in 2025, up from 22% in 2024 and 5% in 2015. Over the same period, the shares used by urban dwellings…
Record European urban heat deaths (news) — A modelling study of 854 European cities estimates heat killed a record 50,000 people from June to August 2026, with climate change responsible for about 32,000 (65%) of those deaths. The share…
European gas storage transparency data (platform) (needs verification) — AGSI+ is the Gas Infrastructure Europe (GIE) transparency platform for European natural gas storage. It provides storage inventory, filling levels, net withdrawal, contracted and available capacity,…
Global ocean heat and salinity data (reference) (needs verification) — This NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information page provides quarterly-updated global ocean datasets covering temperature and salinity observations, anomalies, and heat content for depths…
California dairy methane emissions dataset (reference) (needs verification) — This NASA Earthdata record provides 2019 estimates of methane (CH4) emissions from California dairies at roughly 10 km x 10 km resolution, split into enteric fermentation and manure management, in…
ENSO long-lead forecast skill (study) (needs verification) — This study shows that the ENSO phase at the time a forecast is issued strongly affects its skill, and that this effect exceeds differences between models. Forecasts initialized during La Niña…
Mixed-type El Niño decomposition and projection (study) — This study uses a binary combined linear regression based on E- and C-indices to decompose El Niño events into Eastern Pacific and Central Pacific components. It finds that strong El Niño events are…
Ocean acidification and phytoplankton phosphorus metabolism (study) — Multi-omics analysis of more than 1,000 generations of experimental diatom evolution shows that elevated CO2 produced heritable growth and carbon fixation gains, while acidification-driven declines…
ENSO indices and Atlantic hurricanes (study) (needs verification) — This study compares the traditional Niño-3.4 index with three newer ENSO indices (relative Niño-3.4, the ENSO Longitudinal Index, and a Pacific zonal SST gradient index) in terms of their link to…
Atlantic tropical cyclone intensity trends (study) — This excerpt is the introduction to a study of long-term trends and ENSO-related variability in Atlantic tropical cyclone intensity and rapid intensification. It reviews prior trend findings, which…
Biases in storm surge extreme estimates (study) (needs verification) — The study tests the conventional assumption that future extreme sea levels can be obtained by adding present-day return levels to a projected mean sea level trajectory. Analyzing 386 long hourly…
North Sea storm surge amplification (study) (needs verification) — A Research Letter in Geophysical Research Letters (2026) by Wageningen University & Research and Deltares authors reports that storm surges in the North Sea are amplified by oscillations triggered by…
2026 global temperature record risk (study) (needs verification) — This News & Views piece in Ocean-Land-Atmosphere Research, by Kexin Li, Fei Zheng, and Tao Lian, addresses the risk that 2026 sets a global mean surface temperature (GMST) record. Its title points to…
2025 record-low Arctic sea ice (study) (needs verification) — Arctic winter sea ice extent hit record lows in 2025 and early 2026, ending a slowdown in decline seen in the early 2020s. A National Science Review study attributes the February-March 2025 minimum…
Victoria mode and Atlantic-ENSO linkage (study) (needs verification) — Zheng, Chen, Kug and colleagues report that the Victoria mode, a pattern of North Pacific climate variability, has driven a strengthening of tropical Atlantic sea surface temperature influence on the…
AMOC weakening propagation in CMIP6 (study) (needs verification) — An analysis of 15 CMIP6 models maps percentage AMOC weakening by latitude and time from 1900 to 2100 under four future forcing scenarios. Weakening begins at high latitudes (45–51°N in depth-space,…
Rate-induced AMOC tipping (study) — In CESM simulations, the AMOC stays stable up to +5.5 °C of warming under a slow CO2 ramp (+0.5 ppm/yr). Under faster ramps (+2.5 and +5.0 ppm/yr) it collapses at about +2 °C. This indicates…
Climate networks for AMOC edge state (study) — Climate network analysis, which links geographic locations by instantaneous temporal correlations, is used to characterize the AMOC edge state, a point on the boundary of the collapsed state's…
State-dependent AMOC–SST relationship regimes (study) — Simulations with CESM2 and a CMIP6 multi-model ensemble show that the relationship between AMOC strength and subpolar North Atlantic sea surface temperature is not stationary. It falls into three…
Antarctic sea ice Earth system role (study) — Antarctic sea ice hit record lows in 2023, consistent with projected anthropogenic decline, and this review synthesizes observations, models, and paleo-proxies from the last glacial cycle to assess…
Hemispheric contrast in polar amplification (study) (needs verification) — Climate model simulations (CMIP6 and DeepMIP) and a paleoclimate data assimilation product show that Arctic amplification weakens in amplitude and seasonality as the Arctic becomes sea ice-free,…
AMOC weakening and ocean heat redistribution (study) — Paired CCSM4 simulations with a freely evolving AMOC and a fixed-strength AMOC, both under historical and RCP8.5 forcing, show that a weakened AMOC shifts heat from the subpolar North Atlantic to the…
Daily-resolution glacier projections and sea-level rise (study) — A daily-resolution version of the Global Glacier Evolution Model (GloGEM) projects systematically greater glacier mass loss than the standard monthly configuration, because it resolves extreme melt…
Funafuti Atoll reef flat change (study) (needs verification) — A 120-year comparison (1898–2019) of the Funafuti Atoll reef flat in Tuvalu, using an 1898 Royal Society survey as a baseline, finds no long-term structural or ecological change on the reef flat…
Gradual versus abrupt ocean acidification experiments (study) — A 1100-generation evolution experiment with the diatom Chaetoceros muelleri compared abrupt and gradual CO2 increases from 440 to 1000 ppm. Abrupt acidification exaggerated growth and carbon fixation…
Turf algae-driven coral skeleton dissolution (study) — Experiments in aquaria and at a natural CO2 seep on Shikine island, Japan, used coral-turf algae microcolonies of Acropora solitaryensis and Porites heronensis to test how ocean acidification (~1000…
AI data centre energy demand (study) — The IEA projects that data centre electricity consumption will more than double from about 415 TWh in 2024 to roughly 945 TWh by 2030, and reach about 1,200 TWh by 2035 in its Base Case, driven…
Bromoform feeding frequency in sheep (study) (needs verification) — Bromoform, the active compound in Asparagopsis seaweed, is being studied as a way to cut enteric methane from ruminants, and this study looks at how often it is fed to sheep. BromPellets given in…
Arctic tipping points after emissions cessation (study) (needs verification) — Earth system model ensembles in which CO2 emissions are abruptly set to zero at cumulative totals of 800 to 2000 PgC show that global mean temperature stabilizes, but the Arctic responds nonlinearly.…
Ocean oxygen tipping points (study) — This Perspective argues that the global oxygen cycle, far less studied than greenhouse gas cycles, can be analyzed with dynamical systems models that couple oxygen to phytoplankton productivity and…
California worker heat-related mortality (study) (needs verification) — An analysis of California Electronic Death Registration System data found 334 heat-related deaths among working-age residents from 2014 to 2023, a rate of 0.16 per 100,000 workers per year. Deaths…